Book XVIII.
Chapter CXX.
Glory
be to that god, half of whose body is the moon-faced Párvatí, who is smeared
with ashes white as the rays of the moon, whose eyes gleam with a fire like
that of the sun and moon, who wears a half-moon on his head!
May
that elephant-faced god protect you, who, with his trunk bent at the end,
uplifted in sport, appears to be bestowing successes!
Then
Naraváhanadatta, in the hermitage of the hermit Kaśyapa, on that Black
Mountain, said to the assembled hermits, “Moreover, when, during my separation
from the queen, Vegavatí, who was in love with me, took me and made me over to
the protection of a Science, I longed to abandon the body, being separated from
my beloved and in a foreign land; but while, in this state of mind, I was
roaming about in a remote part of the forest, I beheld the great hermit Kanva.
“That
compassionate hermit, seeing me bowing at his feet, and knowing by the insight
of profound meditation that I was miserable, took me to his hermitage, and said
to me, ‘Why are you distracted, though you are a hero sprung from the race of
the Moon? As the ordinance of the god standeth sure, why should you despair of
reunion with your wife?
“‘The
most unexpected meetings do take place for men in this world; I will tell you,
to illustrate this, the story of Vikramáditya; listen.’”
The story of Vikramáditya.
There
is in Avanti a famous city, named Ujjayiní, the dwelling-place of Śiva, built
by Viśvakarman in the commencement or the Yuga; which, like a virtuous woman,
is invincible by strangers; like a lotus-plant is the resort of the goddess of
prosperity; like the heart of the good, is rich in virtue; like the earth, is
full of many wonderful sights.
There
dwelt in that city a world-conquering king, named Mahendráditya, the slayer of
his enemies’ armies, like Indra in Amarávatí. In regard of prowess he was a
wielder of many weapons; in regard of beauty he was the flower-weaponed god
himself; his hand was ever open in bounty, but was firmly clenched on the hilt
of his sword. That king had a wife named Saumyadarśaná, who was to him as Śachí
to Indra, as Gaurí to Śiva, as Śrí to Vishṇu.
And that king had a great minister named Sumati, and a warder named Vajráyudha,
in whose family the office was hereditary. With these the king remained ruling
his realm, propitiating Śiva, and ever bearing various vows in order to obtain
a son.
In
the meanwhile, as Śiva was with Párvatí on the mighty mountain Kailása, the
glens of which are visited by troops of gods, which is beautiful with the smile
that the Northern quarter smiles joyous at vanquishing all the others, all the
gods with Indra at their head came to visit him, being afflicted by the
oppression of the Mlechchhas; and the immortals bowed, and then sat down and
praised Śiva; and when he asked them the reason of their coming, they addressed
to him this prayer: “O god, those Asuras, who were slain by thee and Vishṇu,
have been now again born on the earth in the form of Mlechchhas. They slay
Bráhmans, they interfere with the sacrifices and other ceremonies, and they
carry off the daughters of hermits: indeed, what crime do not the villains
commit? Now, thou knowest, lord, that the world of gods is ever nourished by
the earth, for the oblation offered in the fire by Bráhmans nourishes the
dwellers in heaven. But, as the Mlechchhas have overrun the earth, the
auspicious words are nowhere pronounced over the burnt-offering, and the world
of gods is being exhausted by the cutting off of their share of the sacrifice
and other supplies. So devise an expedient in this matter; cause some hero to
become incarnate on the earth, mighty enough to destroy those Mlechchhas.”
When
Śiva had been thus entreated by the gods, he said to them, “Depart; you need
not be anxious about this matter; be at your ease. Rest assured that I will
soon devise an expedient which will meet the difficulty.” When Śiva had said
this, he dismissed the gods to their abodes.
And
when they had gone, the Holy one, with Párvatí at his side, summoned a Gaṇa,
named Mályavat, and gave him this order, “My son, descend into the condition of
a man, and be born in the city of Ujjayiní as the brave son of king
Mahendráditya. That king is a portion of me, and his wife is sprung from a
portion of Ambiká; be born in their family, and do the heaven-dwellers the
service they require. Slay all those Mlechchhas that obstruct the fulfilment of
the law contained in the three Vedas. And by my favour thou shalt be a king
ruling over the seven divisions of the world; moreover the Rákshasas, the
Yakshas and the Vetálas shall own thy supremacy; and after thou hast enjoyed
human pleasures, thou shalt again return to me.”
When
the Gaṇa
Mályavat received this command from Śiva, he said “The command of you two
divine beings cannot be disobeyed by me: but what enjoyments are there in the
life of a man, which involves separations from relations, friends, and
servants, very hard to bear, and the pain arising from loss of wealth, old age,
disease, and the other ills of humanity?” When the Gaṇa
said this to Śiva, the god thus replied, “Go, blameless one! These woes shall
not fall to thy lot; by my favour thou shalt be happy throughout the whole of
thy sojourn on earth.” When Śiva said this to Mályavat, that virtuous Gaṇa
immediately disappeared. And he went and was conceived in Ujjayiní, in the
proper season, in the womb of the queen of king Mahendráditya.
And
at that time the god, whose diadem is fashioned of a digit of the moon, said to
that king in a dream, “I am pleased with thee, king, so a son shall be born to
thee, who by his might shall conquer the earth with all its divisions; and that
hero shall reduce under his sway the Yakshas, Rákshasas, Piśáchas and others,
even those that move in the air, and dwell in Pátála, and shall slay the hosts
of the Mlechchhas; for this reason he shall be named Vikramáditya; and also
Vishamaśíla on account of his stern hostility to his enemies.”
When
the god had said this, he disappeared; and next morning the king woke up, and
joyfully related his dream to his ministers. And they also told the king, one
after another, with great delight, that Śiva had made a revelation to each of
them in a dream that he was to have a son. And at that moment a handmaid of the
harem came and shewed the king a fruit, saying, “Śiva gave this to the queen in
a dream.” Then the king rejoiced, saying, again and again, “Truly, Śiva has
given me a son,” and his ministers congratulated him.
Then
his illustrious queen became pregnant, like the eastern quarter in the morning,
when the orb of the sun is about to arise, and she was conspicuous for the
black tint of the nipples of her breasts, which appeared like a seal to secure
the milk for the king with whom she was pregnant. In her dreams at that time
she crossed seven seas, being worshipped by all the Yakshas, Vetálas, and
Rákshasas. And when the due time was come, she brought forth a glorious son,
who lit up the chamber, as the rising sun does the heaven. And when he was
born, the sky became indeed glorious, laughing with the falling rain of
flowers, and ringing with the noise of the gods’ drums. And on that occasion
the city was altogether distracted with festive joy, and appeared as if
intoxicated, as if possessed by a demon, as if generally wind-struck. And at
that time the king rained wealth there so unceasingly, that, except the
Buddhists, no one was without a god. And king Mahendráditya gave him the name
of Vikramáditya, which Śiva had mentioned, and also that of Vishamaśíla.
When
some more days had passed, there was born to that king’s minister, named
Sumati, a son of the name of Mahámati, and the warder Vajráyudha had a son born
to him, named Bhadhráyudha, and the chaplain Mahídhara had a son of the name of
Śrídhara. And that prince Vikramáditya grew up with those three minister’s
sons, as with spirit, courage, and might. When he was invested with the sacred
thread, and put under teachers, they were merely the occasions of his learning
the sciences, which revealed themselves to him without effort. And whatever
science or accomplishment he was seen to employ, was known by those, who
understood it, to be possessed by him to the highest degree of excellence. And
when people saw that prince fighting with heavenly weapons, they even began to
pay less attention to the stories about the great archer Ráma and other heroes
of the kind. And his father brought for him beautiful maidens, given by kings
who had submitted after defeat, like so many goddesses of Fortune.
Then
his father, king Mahendráditya, seeing that his son was in the bloom of early
manhood, of great valour, and beloved by the subjects, duly anointed him heir
to his realm, and being himself old, retired with his wife and ministers to
Váráṇasí,
and made the god Śiva his refuge.
And
king Vikramáditya, having obtained that kingdom of his father, began in due
course to blaze forth, as the sun, when it has occupied the sky. Even haughty
kings, when they saw the string fitted into the notch of his bending bow,
learnt a lesson from that weapon, and bent likewise on every side. Of godlike
dignity, having subdued to his sway even Vetálas, Rákshasas and other demons,
he chastised righteously those that followed evil courses. The armies of that
Vikramáditya roamed over the earth like the rays of the sun, shedding into
every quarter the light of order. Though that king was a mighty hero, he
dreaded the other world, though a brave warrior, he was not hard-handed, though
not uxorious, he was beloved by his wives. He was the father of all the
fatherless, the friend of all the friendless, and the protector of all the
unprotected among his subjects. Surely his glory furnished the Disposer with
the material out of which he built up the White Island, the Sea of Milk, Mount
Kailása, and the Himálayas.
And
one day, as the king Vikramáditya was in the hall of assembly, the warder
Bhadráyudha came in and said to him, “Your Majesty despatched Vikramaśakti with
an army to conquer the southern region and other territories, and then sent to
him a messenger named Anangadeva; that messenger has now returned, and is at
the gate with another, and his delighted face announces good tidings, my lord.”
The king said, “Let him enter,” and then the warder respectfully introduced
Anangadeva, with his companion. The messenger entered and bowed, and shouted
“Victory” and sat down in front of the king; and then the king said to him, “Is
it well with king Vikramaśakti, the general of my forces, and with Vyághrabala
and the other kings? And does good fortune attend on the other chief Rájpúts in
his army, and on the elephants, horses, chariots and footmen?”
When
Anangadeva had been thus questioned by the king, he answered, “It is well with
Vikramaśakti and the whole of the army. And Your Majesty has conquered the
Dekkan and the western border, and Madhyadeśa and Sauráshṭra
and all the eastern region of the Ganges; and the northern region and Kaśmíra
have been made tributary, and various forts and islands have been conquered,
and the hosts of the Mlechchhas have been slain, and the rest have been reduced
to submission, and various kings have entered the camp of Vikramaśakti, and he
himself is coming here with those kings, and is now, my lord, two or three
marches off.”
When
the messenger had thus told his tale, king Vikramáditya was pleased and loaded
him with garments, ornaments, and villages. Then the king went on to say to
that noble messenger, “Anangadeva, when you went there, what regions did you
see, and what object of interest did you meet with anywhere? Tell me, my good
fellow!” When Anangadeva had been thus questioned by the king, he began to
recount his adventures, as follows:—
The adventures of Anangadeva.
Having
set out hence by Your Majesty’s orders, I reached in course of time that army
of yours assembled under Vikramaśakti, which was like a broad sea resorted to
by allied kings, adorned by many princes of the Nágas that had come together
with horses and royal magnificence. And when I arrived there, that Vikramaśakti
bowed before me, and treated me with great respect, because I had been sent by
his sovereign; and while I was there considering the nature of the triumphs he
had gained, a messenger from the king of Sinhala came there.
And
that messenger, who had come from Sinhala, told to Vikramaśakti in my presence
his master’s message as follows, “I have been told by messengers, who have been
sent by me to your sovereign and have returned, that your sovereign’s very
heart Anangadeva is with you, so send him to me quickly, I will reveal to him a
certain auspicious affair, that concerns your king.” Then Vikramaśakti said to
me, “Go quickly to the king of Sinhala; and see what he wishes to say to you
when he has you before him.”
Then
I went through the sea in a ship to the island of Sinhala with that king of
Sinhala’s ambassador. And in that island I saw a palace all made of gold, with
terraces of various jewels, like the city of the gods. And in it I saw that
king of Sinhala, Vírasena, surrounded by obedient ministers, as Indra is by the
gods. When I approached him, he received me politely, and asked me about Your
Majesty’s health, and then he refreshed me with most sumptuous hospitality.
The
next day the king summoned me, when he was in his hall of audience; and showing
his devotion to you, said to me in the presence of his ministers, “I have a
maiden daughter, the peerless beauty of the world of mortals, Madanalekhá by
name, and I offer her to your king. She is a fitting wife for him, and he is a
suitable husband for her; for this reason I have invited you; so accept her in
the name of your king. And go on in front with my ambassador to tell your
master; I will send my daughter here close after you.”
When
the king had said this, he summoned into that hall his daughter whose load of
ornaments was adorned by her graceful shape, loveliness, and youth. And he made
her sit on his lap, and shewing her, said to me, “I offer this girl to your
master, receive her.” And when I saw that princess, I was astonished at her
beauty, and I said joyfully, “I accept this maiden on behalf of my sovereign,”
and I thought to myself, “Well, the Creator is never tired of producing
marvels, since even after creating Tilottamá, he has produced this far superior
beauty.”
Then,
having been honoured by that king, I set forth from that island, with this
ambassador of his, Dhavalasena. So we embarked on a ship, and as we were
sailing along in it, through the sea, we suddenly saw a great sandbank in the
middle of the ocean. And on it we saw two maidens of singular beauty; one had a
body as dark as priyangu, the other gleamed white like the moon, and they both
looked more splendid from having put on dresses and ornaments suited to their
respective hues. They made a sound like the clashing of cymbals with their
bracelets adorned with splendid gems, and they were making a young toy-deer,
which, though of gold and studded with jewels to represent spots, possessed
life, dance in front of them. When we saw this, we were astonished and we said
to one another, “What can this wonder mean? Is it a dream, magic, or delusion?
Who would ever expect to see a sandbank suddenly start up in the middle of the
ocean, or such maidens upon it? And who would ever have thought of seeing such
a thing as this living golden deer studded with jewels, which they possess?
Such things are not usually found together.”
While
we were saying this to one another, king, in the greatest astonishment, a wind
suddenly began to blow, tossing up the sea. That wind broke up our ship, which
was resting on the surging waves, and the people in it were whelmed in the sea,
and the sea-monsters began to devour them. But those two maidens came and
supported both of us in their arms, and lifted us up and carried us to the
sandbank, so that we escaped the jaws of the sea-monsters. And then that bank began
to be covered with waves, at which we were terrified, but those two ladies
cheered us, and made us enter what seemed like the interior of a cave. There we
began to look at a heavenly wood of various trees, and while we were looking at
it, the sea disappeared, and the bank, and the young deer, and the maidens.
We
wandered about there for a time, saying to ourselves, “What is this strange
thing? It is assuredly some magic.” And then we saw there a great lake,
transparent, deep, and broad, like the heart of great men, looking like a
material representation of Nirváṇa
that allays the fire of desire.
And
we saw a certain beautiful woman, coming to bathe in it, accompanied by her
train, looking like an incarnation of the beauty of the wood. And that lady
alighted from her covered chariot, and gathered lotuses in that lake, and
bathed in it, and meditated on Śiva. And thereupon, to our astonishment, Śiva
arose from the lake, a present god, in the form of a linga, composed of
splendid jewels, and came near her; and that fair one worshipped him with
various luxuries suited to her majesty, and then took her lyre. And she played
upon it, singing skilfully to it with rapt devotion, following the southern
style in respect of notes, time, and words. So splendid was her performance
that even the Siddhas and other beings appeared there in the air, having their
hearts attracted by hearing it, and remained motionless as if painted. And
after she had finished her music, she dismissed the god, and he immediately
sank in the lake. Then the gazelle-eyed lady rose up, and mounted her chariot,
and proceeded to go away slowly with her train.
We
followed her, and eagerly asked her train over and over again, who she was, but
none of them gave us any answer. Then, wishing to shew that ambassador of the
king of Sinhala your might, I said to her aloud, “Auspicious one, I adjure thee
by the touch of king Vikramáditya’s feet, that thou depart not hence without
revealing to me who thou art.” When the lady heard this, she made her train
retire, and alighted from her chariot, and coming up to me, she said with a
gentle voice, “Is my lord the noble king Vikramáditya well? But why do I ask,
Anangadeva, since I know all about him? For I exerted magic power, and brought
you here for the sake of that king, for I must honour him, as he delivered me
from a great danger. So come to my palace; there I will tell you all, who I am,
and why I ought to honour that king, and what service he needs to have done
him.”
When
she had said this, having left her chariot out of courtesy, that fair one went
along the path on foot and respectfully conducted me to her castle, which
looked like heaven; it was built of various jewels and different kinds of gold;
its gates were guarded on every side by brave warriors wearing various forms,
and bearing various weapons; and it was full of noble ladies of remarkable beauty,
looking as if they were charms that drew down endless heavenly enjoyments.
There she honoured us with baths, unguents, splendid dresses and ornaments, and
made us rest for a time.
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