VISHNU PURANA. - BOOK
III. CHAP. XIII.
CHAP. XIII.--Of
S'raddhas, or rites in honour of ancestors, to be performed on occasions of
rejoicing. Obsequial ceremonies. Of the Ekoddishta or monthly S'raddha, and the
Sapindana or annual one. By whom to be performed.
Of S'raddhas, or
rites in honour of ancestors, to be performed on occasions of rejoicing.
Obsequial ceremonies. Of the Ekoddishta or monthly S'raddha, and the Sapindana
or annual one. By whom to be performed.
AURVA
continued.--"The bathing of a father without disrobing is enjoined when a
son is born; and he is to celebrate the ceremony proper for the event, which is
the S'raddha offered upon joyous occasions. With composed mind, and thinking on
nothing else, the Brahman should offer worship to both the gods and
progenitors, and should respectfully circumambulate, keeping Brahmans on his
left hand, and give them food. Standing with his face to the east, he should
present, with the parts of the hand sacred to the gods and to Prajapati, balls
of food, with curds, unbruised grain, and jujubes; and should perform, on every
accession of good fortune, the rite by which the class of progenitors termed
Nandimukha is propitiated. A householder should diligently worship the Pitris
so named, at the marriage of a son or daughter, on entering a new dwelling, on
giving a name to a child, on performing his tonsure and other purificatory
ceremonies, at the binding of the mother's hair during gestation, or on first
seeing the face of a son, or the like.
The S'raddha on such
occasions, however, has been briefly alluded to. Hear now, oh king, the rules
for the performance of obsequial rites.
"Having washed
the corpse with holy water, decorated it with garlands, and burnt it without
the village, the kinsmen, having bathed with their clothes on, are to stand
with their faces to the south, and offer libations to the deceased, addressing
him by name, and adding, 'wherever thou mayest be.' They then return, along
with the cattle coming from pasture, to the village; and upon the appearance of
the stars retire to rest, sleeping on mats spread upon the earth. Every day
(whilst the mourning lasts) a cake or ball of food is to be placed on the
ground, as an offering to the deceased; and rice, without flesh, is to be daily
eaten. Brahmans are to be fed for as many days as the mourner pleases, for the
soul of the defunct derives satisfaction accordingly as his relatives are
content with their entertainment. On the first day, or the third, or seventh,
or ninth (after the death of a person), his kinsmen should change their
raiment, and bathe out of doors, and offer a libation of water, with (tila)
sesamum-seeds. On the fourth day the ashes and bones should be collected: after
which the body of one connected with the deceased by offerings of funeral cakes
may be touched (by an indifferent person), without thereby incurring impurity;
and those who are related only by presentation of water are qualified for any
occupation.
The former class of
relatives may use beds, but they must still refrain from unguents and flowers,
and must observe continence, after the ashes and bones have been collected
(until the mourning is over). When the deceased is a child, or one who is
abroad, or who has been degraded, or a spiritual preceptor, the period of
uncleanness is but brief, and the ceremonies with fire and water are
discretional. The food of a family in which a kinsman is deceased is not to be
partaken of for ten days; and during that period, gifts, acceptance, sacrifice,
and sacred study are suspended. The term of impurity for a Brahman is ten days;
for a Kshatriya, twelve; for a Vais'ya, half a month; and a whole month for a
S'udra. On the first day after uncleanness ceases, the nearest relation of the
deceased should feed Brahmans at his pleasure, but in uneven numbers, and offer
to the deceased a ball of rice upon holy grass placed near the residue of the
food that has been eaten. After the guests have been fed, the mourner,
according to his caste, is to touch water, a weapon, a goad, or a staff, as he
is purified by such contact. He may then resume the duties prescribed for his
caste, and follow the avocation ordinarily pursued by its members.
"The S'raddha
enjoined for an individual is to be repeated on the day of his death (in each
month for a year), but without the prayers and rites performed on the first
occasion, and without offerings to the Vis'wadevas. A single ball of food is to
be offered to the deceased, as the purification of one person, and Brahmans are
to be fed. The Brahmans are to be asked by the sacrificer if they are
satisfied; and upon their assent, the prayer, 'May this ever satisfy such a
one' (the deceased) is to be recited.
"This is the
S'raddha called Ekoddishta, which is to be performed monthly to the end of a
twelvemonth from the death of a person; at the expiration of which the ceremony
called Sapindana is to be observed. The practices of this rite are the same as
those of the monthly obsequies, but a lustration is to be made with four
vessels of water, perfumes, and sesamum: one of these vessels is considered as
dedicated to the deceased, the other three to the progenitors in general; and
the contents of the former are to be transferred to the other three, by which
the deceased becomes included in the class of ancestors, to whom worship is to
be addressed with all the ceremonies of the S'raddha. The persons who are
competent to perform the obsequies of relations connected by the offering of
the cake are the son, grandson, great grandson, a kinsman of the deceased, the
descendants of a brother, or the posterity of one allied by funeral offerings.
In absence of all these, the ceremony may be instituted by those related by
presentations of water only, or those connected by offerings of cakes or water
to maternal ancestors. Should both families in the male line be extinct, the
last obsequies may be performed by women, or by the associates of the deceased in
religious or social institutions, or by anyone who becomes possessed of the
property of a deceased kinsman.
"Obsequial
rites are of three descriptions, initiative, intermediate, and subsequent. The
first are those which are observed after the burning of the corpse until the
touching of water, weapons, &c. (or until the cessation of uncleanness).
The intermediate ceremonies are the Sraddhas called Ekoddishta, which are
offered every month: and the subsequent rites are those which follow the Sapindikarana,
when the deceased is admitted amongst the ancestors of his race; and the
ceremonies are thenceforth general or ancestral. The first set of rites (as
essential) are to be performed by the kindred of the father or mother, whether
connected by the offering of the cake or of water, by the associates of the
deceased, or by the prince who inherits his property.
The first and the
last rites are both to be performed by sons and other relations, and by
daughter's sons, and their sons; and so are the sacrifices on the day of the
person's death. The last class, or ancestral rites, are to be performed
annually, with the same ceremonies as are enjoined for the monthly obsequies;
and they may be also performed by females. As the ancestral rights are
therefore most universal, I will describe to you, oh king, at what seasons, and
in what manner, they should be celebrated."
VISHNU
PURANA. - BOOK III. CHAP. XII.
VISHNU
PURANA. - BOOK III. CHAP. XI.
VISHNU
PURANA. - BOOK III. CHAP. X
VISHNU
PURANA. - BOOK III. CHAP. IX
VISHNU
PURANA. - BOOK III. CHAP. VIII
VISHNU
PURANA. - BOOK III. CHAP. VII.
VISHNU
PURANA. - BOOK III. CHAP. VI
VISHNU
PURANA. - BOOK III. CHAP. V
VISHNU
PURANA. - BOOK III. CHAP. IV
VISHNU
PURANA. - BOOK III.- CHAP. III
VISHNU
PURANA. - BOOK III.- CHAP. II.
चंद्रकांता
(उपन्यास) पहला अध्याय : देवकीनन्दन खत्री
खूनी औरत का
सात खून (उपन्यास) : किशोरी लाल गोस्वामी
ब्राह्मण की
बेटी : शरतचंद्र चट्टोपाध्याय (बांग्ला उपन्यास)
SELF-SUGGESTION AND
THE NEW HUNA THEORY OF MESMERISM AND HYPNOSIS – chapter-1, BY- MAX FREEDOM LONG
VISHNU PURAN-BOOK I
- CHAPTER 11-22
VISHNU PURANA. -
BOOK I. CHAP. 1. to 10
THE ROLE OF PRAYER.
= THOUGHT: CREATIVE AND EXHAUSTIVE. MEDITATION EXERCISE.
HIGHER REASON AND
JUDGMENT= CONQUEST OF FEAR.
QUEEN CHUNDALAI, THE
GREAT YOGIN
THE POWER OF
DHARANA, DHIYANA, AND SAMYAMA YOGA.
THE POWER OF THE
PRANAYAMA YOGA.
KUNDALINI,
THE MOTHER OF THE UNIVERSE.
TO THE KUNDALINI—THE
MOTHER OF THE UNIVERSE.
Yoga Vashist part-1
-or- Heaven Found by Rishi Singh Gherwal
Shakti and Shâkta
-by Arthur Avalon (Sir John Woodroffe),
Mahanirvana Tantra-
All- Chapter -1 Questions relating to
the Liberation of Beings
Tantra
of the Great Liberation
श्वेतकेतु और
उद्दालक, उपनिषद की कहानी, छान्द्योग्यापनिषद,
GVB THE UNIVERSITY OF VEDA
यजुर्वेद
मंत्रा हिन्दी व्याख्या सहित, प्रथम अध्याय 1-10,
GVB THE UIVERSITY OF VEDA
उषस्ति की
कठिनाई, उपनिषद की कहानी, आपदकालेमर्यादानास्ति,
_4 -GVB the uiversity of veda
वैराग्यशतकम्, योगी
भर्तृहरिकृत, संस्कृत काव्य, हिन्दी
व्याख्या, भाग-1, gvb the university of Veda
G.V.B. THE
UNIVERSITY OF VEDA ON YOU TUBE
इसे भी पढ़े-
इन्द्र औ वृत्त युद्ध- भिष्म का युधिष्ठिर को उपदेश
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पुरुषार्थ और विद्या- ब्रह्मज्ञान
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